Adding components in series increases total resistance, meaning less current flows.

Adding components in series increases total resistance, meaning less current flows.

• A. Capacitance
• B. Resistance
• C. Voltage
• D. Inductance

Answer: (B)

In a circuit with a fixed voltage source, current is determined by Ohm’s law: I = V / R. When components are placed in series, their resistances add together to give the total resistance. As you add more resistance in series, the total resistance increases, so the current decreases. For example, a single 2-ohm resistor with a 6-volt source draws 3 A, but two 2-ohm resistors in series give 4 ohms, drawing only 1.5 A. This is the essence of why adding components in series increases total resistance and reduces current. Capacitance isn’t described by this behavior—series capacitors reduce overall capacitance, which affects how voltage and current change over time rather than the steady current for a fixed voltage. Inductance in series adds up too, but it influences how the circuit responds to changes rather than establishing a simple steady current at a fixed voltage. Voltage is the source; it doesn’t increase because you add components.

In a circuit with a fixed voltage source, current is determined by Ohm’s law: I = V / R. When components are placed in series, their resistances add together to give the total resistance. As you add more resistance in series, the total resistance increases, so the current decreases. For example, a single 2-ohm resistor with a 6-volt source draws 3 A, but two 2-ohm resistors in series give 4 ohms, drawing only 1.5 A. This is the essence of why adding components in series increases total resistance and reduces current.

Capacitance isn’t described by this behavior—series capacitors reduce overall capacitance, which affects how voltage and current change over time rather than the steady current for a fixed voltage. Inductance in series adds up too, but it influences how the circuit responds to changes rather than establishing a simple steady current at a fixed voltage. Voltage is the source; it doesn’t increase because you add components.